Science
Radial and focused shock waves
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Shock wave parameters
> The main parameters of extracorporeal shock waves:
The rise time is approx. 3 µs (radial handpiece, 15 mm applicator, 4 bar) for the Swiss DolorClast® – between 205 ns (lowest energy output; Emin) and 79 ns (maximum energy output; Emax) for the Swiss PiezoClast®
The positive peak pressure is approx. 10 MPa (radial handpiece, 15 mm applicator, 4 bar) with the Swiss DolorClast® – between 11.5 MPa (Emin) and 82.8 MPa (Emax) with the Swiss PiezoClast®
The maximum energy flux density delivered by the Swiss DolorClast® is 0.18 mJ/mm2 with the radial handpiece, and 0.55 mJ/mm2 with the Power+ handpiece. Maximum energy flux density delivered by the Swiss PiezoClast® is between 0.03 mJ/mm2 (Emin) and 0.40 mJ/mm2 (Emax)
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Shock wave fields
> Pressure propagation within the focus
of the 3-dimensional Swiss PiezoClast® -generated shock wave field:
The -6 dB isobar defines the range within the focus in which at least 50% of the positive peak pressure P+ is reached while the 5 MPa isobar defines the range within the focus in which a pressure of more than 5 MPa is obtained
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Shock wave focus
> 3-dimensional representation of the Swiss PiezoClast®-generated shock waves:
At least 50% of the positive peak pressure P+ (so-called -6 dB isobar) is reached in this region due to focusing. The half-axes fx, fy and fz describe the elliptical shock wave focus
At the lowest energy setting of the Swiss PiezoClast® (i.e. P+ = 11.5 MPa), fx = fy = 2.8 mm and fz = 13.6 mm. At the highest energy setting (i.e. P+ = 82.2 MPa), fx = fy = 1.2 mm and fz =
4.8 mm
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